Plants form the basis of a nutritious diet, as they carry a multitude of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. But do you know the differences between fruits and vegetables? Botanically speaking, fruits are the seed-bearing structures of plants, while vegetables, on the other hand, consist of stems, leaves, and other edible components from nature.

According to nutritionist Adriana Stavro, from a culinary point of view, fruits and vegetables are classified based on their flavor. Fruits are usually sweet or sour and can be used in desserts, snacks, or juices. Vegetables tend to be milder and are usually eaten as an accompaniment or side dish to main meals.

However, it doesn't stop there. There are several fruits that are often classified as vegetables - tomatoes, for example, "Cucumbers, peppers, eggplants, olives, pumpkins, pea pods, and okra also fit into this list," adds the expert.

In addition, there are several vegetables that can be used for sweet recipes, such as sweet potatoes.

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Nutritional differences between fruits and vegetables

Fruits and vegetables have many similarities in terms of nutrition. This is because both are rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and naturally low in sodium and fat. However, and because of their sweet taste, fruits tend to have a higher amount of natural sugar (fructose) and calories compared to most vegetables.

However, they also contain more fiber. And as for the amount of water, this number can vary greatly for both groups.

Other differences between fruit and vegetable families

Tubers

They are antioxidants, help lower blood sugar, help balance cholesterol, fight microorganisms, and strengthen the immune system.

Citrus fruits

The bioactive components present in citrus fruits include: vitamin C, beta-carotene, flavonoids, limonoids, folic acid, and dietary fiber.

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Cruciferous vegetables

Cruciferous vegetables have gained popularity due to their cancer-fighting properties. "This large group of plants is diverse and includes, for example, arugula, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, and kale," says Adriana.

Red Fruits

Red fruits are low in calories and high in fiber. They contain antioxidants such as vitamins C and E, and micronutrients such as folic acid, calcium, selenium, beta-carotene, and lutein. Finally, the phytochemicals found in these fruits are polyphenols and flavonoids.

Differences between fruits and vegetables: Green leaves

The family of dark green leafy vegetables provides many nutrients, such as vitamins A , C, and K, antioxidants, fiber, folate, magnesium, calcium, iron, potassium, lutein, and zeaxanthin.

Thus, the daily intake of these vegetables has an inverse relationship with premature aging and cancer.

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Source: Adriana Stavro, nutritionist specialized in Chronic Non-Transmissible Diseases (NCDs).